ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓂᖅ: ᓚᐳᓯᐊᕐ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᖓ
1-2-3-4 ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓗᒋᑦ, ᐃᓱᐊᓂᑦᑐᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒋᓗᒋᒃ, ᐊᔪᒐᒃᐸᑦ ᐲᖅᓯᓗᒋᒃ, ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᐃᓱᐊᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᖅᓗᒍ. ᐲᖅᓯᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᐊᓯᕈᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ.
ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᓚᐳᓯᐊᕐ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓ, $5 ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎ ᐊᑐᓂ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᐊᑐᓂ ᑐᕌᒐᖅ $50. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᖅ 8 ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᑦ, $50-ᒥᒃ ᐱᔪᖅ. ᒪᕐᕉᖓ 16 ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᒧᑦ ᑎᑭᑦᑐᖅ $200-ᒧᓪᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᓄᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᖓᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒃᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᖓᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᒥᑭᓛᖅ ᐊᖏᓛᕐᓗ ᐊᖏᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ. ᐊᖏᓛᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᕆᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᑕᖏᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᖃᐃᖁᔨᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ $400 ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᑕ. ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᐊᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᐊᙱᓕᖅᓗᓂ.
ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᒪᓕᓪᓗᒍ
ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅ ᓈᓴᐅᑎ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᓗ ᑲᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᐲᖅᓯᔪᖅ. ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᐊᓄᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑐᖅ.
ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖏᑦ ᐃᓱᓕᓐᓂᖏᓪᓗ ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐅᑉ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᖏᓐᓂ.
ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ
ᑳᑦᒥ 1 2 3 4 ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓗᒋᑦ. ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᑐᓂ, ᐃᓱᐊᓂᑦᑐᒃ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᒃ ᑲᑎᑦᓱᒋᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒋᓗᒋᒃ, ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᒧᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 18 ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ. ᕖᓇᓯᑐᑦ: ᕈᔾ (rouge).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →. ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᖅ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᐲᖅᓯᔪᖅ; ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᑕᓕᖅᐱᐊᓂ ᐃᓱᐊᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᖅᓯᔪᖅ. ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᖅ ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᑕᖃᐃᓕᒃᐸᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᑲᑎᑦᓱᒋᑦ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᖅ, 10 ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑏᑦᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᐅᑉ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᐅᑉ ᑐᙵᕕᒋᔭᖓ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ. ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᓇᓕᐊᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐊᑐᕈᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →, $50. ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓃᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᐸᑦ, ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᑐᓂ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᐲᖅᑕᐅᒻᒪᑕ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᕐᓗ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ. ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ 48.65%-ᖏᓐᓂ, ᐱᖓᓱᓂ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᐸᐃᑦ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᑦ.
ᑐᑭᓕᐊ 1, ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ 1–8
1 2 3 4 → ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 5 (1+4): ᐊᓯ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊ 1 2 3 4 5. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 6: ᐊᔪ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊ 2 3 4. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 6: ᐊᓯ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊ 2 3 4 6. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 8: ᐊᔪ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊ 3 4. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 7: ᐊᓯ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊ 3 4 7. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 10: ᐊᔪ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊ 4. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 4: ᐊᓯ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊ 4 4. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 8: ᐊᔪ, ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᖅ. ᐊᕐᕕᓂᓖᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ, ᓯᑕᒪᑦ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓃᑦ ᓯᑕᒪᓪᓗ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓃᑦ. ᑲᑎᑦᓱᒋᑦ +$50, ᑐᕌᒐᖅ ᓱᓕᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᖅ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ $50-ᒥᑦ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᓴᐅᓚᐅᙱᓪᓗᓂ. ᒥᑭᔪᑦᑎᐊᖅ ᓴᓇᐅᒐᑎᑐᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᔪᖅ.
ᑐᑭᓕᐊ 2, ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ 9–39
1 2 3 4 ᐊᒃᑲᓂ. ᐃᓚᕙᓐ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓃᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᓂ ᖁᓕᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂᓗ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᕐᓂ. ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᐊᑐᓂ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᖅᓯᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᑲᑎᑦᓱᒋᒃ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᑕᑭᓕᕐᓗᓂ ᐊᖏᒡᓕᓪᓗᓂᓗ: ᖁᓕᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂᓗ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᑦ ᑐᓪᓕᐊᓂ ᐅᓇ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᐳᖅ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 14 16 18, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓪᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ $100. 23-ᖓᓄᑦ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ 16 ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᓯᕐᓗ −$850-ᒥ. ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓃᑦ ᐃᓱᐊᓂᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᔪᓂᒃ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᐲᖅᓯᔪᑦ, ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᑦ: ᑐᓪᓕᐊᓂ ᕕᕝᑏᓐ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᕐᓂ ᐊᕐᕕᓂᓖᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓃᑦ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᒥᒃ 12 14 16 18-ᒧᑦ ᒥᑭᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ, ᐊᑲᐅᓯᕐᒥᒡᓗ −$250-ᒧᑦ 38-ᖓᓄᑦ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ $200 ᑭᒡᓕᖓᓄᑦ ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᓗᓂ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᓯᕉᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅᓯᕉᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᔾᔪᐊᕌᔭᒃ ᐃᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᖕᓄᑦ, ᑕᓴᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᑉᐸᖅᑐᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᙱᑕᖓ; ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᑕ ᐱᓇᓪᓗᑎᖓ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᓯᕉ, 0.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →: $150 ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᓯᐅᔪᖅ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᐳᖅ 12 14 16 18 30, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓪᓗ ᑐᓪᓕᐊ, $210, ᑭᒡᓕᖓᓂᑦ ᐅᖓᑖᓃᑦᑐᖅ. ᐊᑲᐅᓯᖅ −$400-ᒥ. ᓄᖅᑲᖅᐳᒍᑦ. ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᑭᖑᓂᐊᒍᑦ +$50-ᒧᑦ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ, “ᑭᖑᓂᐊᒍᑦ” ᑭᒡᓕᖓᓂᒡᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᐃᓐᓂᒡᓗᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᐃᑦᑮᓇᐅᔭᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᓯᒪᔭᐅᔪᑦ. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᖅ ᑐᑭᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᔅᓯᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂᓗ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑕᐅᓂᐊᕐᒪᖔᑕ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᐸᑦ.
- p10 −$500
- p25 −$500
- ᐊᑯᓐᓂᐊᓃᑦᑐᖅ −$500
- p75 −$500
- p90 +$1,360
ᑮᓇᐅᔭᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖏᑦ
ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ $3,770, 39 ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᑦ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ $195. $3,770-ᒥ ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅᓈᓴᐃᓂᖅᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᑭᖓ ᐊᕐᓕᒃᓗᒍ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ; ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᕕᒃᓴᕐᒥ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → $102; ᓱᓕᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᖅ −$350, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐅᑉ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᓐᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᖓᑕᓈᓴᐃᓂᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᓐᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᖓᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᓐᓂᐅᑉ ᓯᑭᐊᖅᑐᓂᖓ (√); ᐱᓐᓂᐅᑉ ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᒥᑦ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ ᐅᖓᓯᑦᑎᒋᓂᖓ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᖓᔪᐊᖓᓂᒃ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐊᑖᓃᑦᑐᖅ, ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓇᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖏᓐᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᓐᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᖓ $700 ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐊᑭᖃᕐᒪᑦ. ᐊᓯᕈᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓚᐳᓯᐊᕐᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓚᐳᓯᐊᕐᐲᖅᓯᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ: ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᖓᓂᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓗᑎᑦ, ᐃᓱᖏᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᑲᑎᓪᓗᒋᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᓗᑎᑦ, ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑲᓂ ᐲᖅᓯᓗᒋᒃ, ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᒐᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓯᒪᔭᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᕐᓗᒍ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᐊᖏᓛᒥᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᕕᒃᓴᕐᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᑲᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐊᔪᒐᐅᑎᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒋᖃᑦᑕᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᓗᒋᑦ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᕼᐋᓐᑐᓪ, ᐋᒃᓴᓐ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ, ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᖏᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᒡᓕᑎᑦᓯᒻᒪᑦ, ᑐᑭᓕᐊᓗ ᑭᒡᓕᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᖓ ᐅᓐᓂ.
ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᑕ ᑕᑯᑎᑦᓯᔭᖓ
ᓚᐳᓯᐊᕐ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᐊᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ, ᖃᑦᑕᓗᐊᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᓐᓂ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᕕᒃᑑᕆᐊ ᑭᖑᕚᕆᔭᖏᓐᓂ ᓂᕆᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᓂ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᒐᔪᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᒫᓐᓇᓗ ᓱᓕ ᓂᐅᕕᐊᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂ. ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᑦ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᑦ ᒥᑭᔪᑦ ᐱᒐᔪᒃᑐᓪᓗ; ᐊᓯᕈᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᐊᖏᔪᖅ ᖃᑦᑕᓗᐊᙱᑦᑐᓪᓗ, ᐊᖏᓂᖓᓗ ᑭᒡᓕᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ. ᑖᓚ ᐊᑐᓂ ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ −2.70% ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂ, ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓪᓗ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᓯᔾᔪᑎᖓ ᐅᓐᓄᐊᒥ ᓇᓕᐊᓂ ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᐃᓂᖃᕐᓂᐊᕐᒪᖔᖅᐱᑦ.
ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑏᑦ
ᐄ: 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓄᑦ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᖕᓄᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᑲᑎᑦᓱᒋᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ ᒥᑭᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑎᔭᒃᓴᐃᓪᓗ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᕆᐊᖅᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐊᔾᔨᖓ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᓯᔪᖅ, ᐊᑭᖓ ᐅᓐᓂ.
1 1 ᑐᑭᓕᐊ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᑐᕌᒐᖃᖅᑐᖅ $10-ᒥᒡᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᖃᖅᓗᓂ; ᓱᒃᑲᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᓯᕈᐃᓐᓇᕈᓐᓇᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᒋᓪᓗᒍ. ᑕᑭᓂᖓ ᑐᕌᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᔪᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ.
ᐄ, ᑕᓴᓐ ᐊᑖᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᓐᓂ. ᐊᓐᕆ ᓚᐳᓯᐊᕐ (Henry Labouchère) 1870-ᖏᓐᓂ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ; ᓴᓇᓚᐅᙱᑕᖓ.
ᐃᓪᓗᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐊᖅ
ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑐᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ. ᐊᔾᔨᒋᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᕕᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᑦ.
ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.