ᓱᓕᙱᑦᑐᖅ: ᕉᓚᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ
“ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᖃᖅᑐᖓ 80%-ᒥ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᒥᒃ.” ᐱᑕᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ. ᓱᓕ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ.
ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒥᓲᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ. ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᐅᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᖏᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᑕ −1/37-ᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᖃᕐᒪᑕ ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᓪᓗ ᐊᑭᖏᑦ ᑲᑎᑦᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᒪᑕ. ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᐊᔪᒐᒐᔪᓛᑦ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᒃᐸᑕ ᐊᖏᓛᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᔪᑦ.
ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ
ᐅᑉᐱᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ: ᓇᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᓂᐊᓂ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᓗᓂ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᓯᔪᖅ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ, ᕉᓚᑦᒥᒃ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᓯᔪᖅ. ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᔾᔪᑎᐅᔪᑦ: ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᑐᓪᓕᖅᑐᑦ, ᕕᑎᐅ ᖃᓄᖅ ᕉᓚᑦᒥ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐃᓄᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ, ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᐊᑦ ᐱᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᓕᒻᒥ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓯᕐᒥ. ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᓱᓕᔪᒥᒃ ᐅᑉᐱᕆᔭᐅᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ; ᐃᓄᒃ ᐅᑉᐱᕆᔭᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ.
ᓲᖃᐃᒻᒪ ᓱᓕᙱᒻᒪᑦ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᒥ
ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᑭᖏᑦᓈᓴᐃᓂᖅᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᑭᖓᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐊᑯᓂᐅᓂᖅᓴᒥ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᓐᓂᖓ. ᐃᐅᕌᐸ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ −1/37 ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᓂᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᑲᑎᑦᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᐳᑦ. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᑐᓂ EV = ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᑕ −1/37-ᖓ ᐱᑉᐸᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᓇᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᑐᓪᓕᖅᑐᑦ EV = ᑲᑎᑦᓱᒋᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖏᑕ −1/37-ᖓ, ᓇᓕᐊ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒋᙱᓪᓗᒍ. ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᐅᔪᖅ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ EV = ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᑕᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᕕᒃᓴᕐᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᑲᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐊᔪᒐᐅᑎᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒋᖃᑦᑕᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᓗᒋᑦ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᕼᐋᓐᑐᓪ, ᐋᒃᓴᓐ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → −1/37-ᖓ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᓈᓴᐃᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᓱᓕᔪᖅ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ (ᑐᑉ (Doob) ᕼᐋᓪᒨᔅ (Halmos)-ᓗ 1930-ᖏᓐᓂ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᒃ; ᑐᐊᑉ (Thorp) 1969-ᒥ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ), ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᒪᓕᒐᓄᓪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᒋᙱᑦᑐᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ. ᐱᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᑕᖓ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᒃᓴᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᒥᑭᓛᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ: ᑐᐊᑉ ᐊᔾᔨᒋᐊᖓ $1,000 ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᒧᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 18 ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ. ᕖᓇᓯᑐᑦ: ᕈᔾ (rouge).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᖅᑐᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪ 90 ᓴᐃᓐᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ 9 ᓴᐃᓐᑦ, ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ, ᒥᑭᓕᕙᓪᓕᐊᐃᓐᓇᖅᓗᓂ. 18/37 ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖃᖅᓗᓂ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᒃᓴᖅᓯᒪᐃᓐᓇᖅᓗᓂ, ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖓ ᓱᓕ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑕ −1/37-ᖓᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᓱᓕᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᒥᑭᓛᖅ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ, ᐊᑯᓂᐅᓂᖅᓴᒥᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᒃᓴᖅᓯᒪᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ.
ᓲᖃᐃᒻᒪ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᑎᑐᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᖅᐸ
ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᒪᓕᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓃᑦᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᓇᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᓐᓂᖏᑦ ᒪᓕᒡᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᐃᔪᖅ. ᐊᑲᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ ᖁᕝᕙᑦᑎᔪᑦ, ᐱᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᖅ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᒥᓲᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ. ᒫᑎᓐᒐᐃᓪᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒫᑎᓐᒐᐃᓪᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᒪᕐᕉᕆᐊᖅᑐᖅ. ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᐃᓚᖓᓂ ᑕᑯᓗᒍ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᖓ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᙱᓐᓂᖓᓗ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → $10-ᒥᑦ $500 ᑭᒡᓕᖓᓂ 100 ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᓕᓐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᕐᓂ 80% ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐊᒥᓲᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᓂᒃᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᐅᑉ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᐅᑉ ᑐᙵᕕᒋᔭᖓ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ. ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᓇᓕᐊᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐊᑐᕈᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᑮᓇᐅᔭᒃᓴᖅᓗᓂ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑎᔪᖅ. ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎ ᑐᐊᓐᑎ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᕐᓂ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᖅ ᓯᒃᔅᑏᓐ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓᓗ ᐃᖃᐅᒪᔪᖅ. ᓯᑕᒪᑦ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᔪᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐊᑐᓂ ᖁᓕᓂ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᕐᓂ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᔪᑦ, ᓈᓴᐃᓂᕐᓗ ᑐᐊᓐᑎ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᕐᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᐅᔪᖅ. ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᓯᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ; ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐅᓄᓐᖏᓂᖅᓴᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᓴᓄᓪᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᓅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ, ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐱᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ.
ᓇᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐊᑐᕈᓐᓇᖅᑕᖓ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎ
ᐅᕙᓂ ᓇᑦᑎᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᕉᓚᑦ: ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒧᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖅᑕᐅᑎ ᓇᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐃᓕᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔭᑎᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ 10,000 ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᕐᓂ ᓯᑭᓐᒥ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᖅ. ᐅᑉᐱᕆᔭᓐᓂᒃ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᓗᒍ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᓪᓗ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ. ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᓇᓕᐊᓂ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓂᕐᒥ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᐅᒃᐸᑦ, ᐅᓇ ᒪᑉᐱᒐᖅ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ ᐅᖃᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ. ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓃᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ, ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᖏᑦᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒃᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᖓᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᒥᑭᓛᖅ ᐊᖏᓛᕐᓗ ᐊᖏᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ. ᐊᖏᓛᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᕆᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᑕᖏᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᑕ −2.70%-ᖓᓂᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᓐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ. ᐃᓄᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᓯᒪᔪᖃᖅᑐᖅ; ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖅᑕᐅᑎ ᖁᓕᑦ ᑕᐅᓴᓐᓂᒃ.
ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ
1997-ᒥ ᐳᒃᑲᕐᒧᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑎ ᒪᐃᒃ ᑳᕈ (Mike Caro) ᕉᓚᑦᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐃᓂᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓪᓗᕆᓪᓗᒍ, Gambling Times-ᓗ 2001-ᒥ ᐊᒃᑲᓂ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᓚᐅᖅᓗᓂᐅᒃ. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖁᔭᐅᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᐅᔪᖅ: ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᒧᑦ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᒧᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 18 ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ. ᕖᓇᓯᑐᑦ: ᓄᐊᕐ (noir).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕈᓐᓇᙱᓐᓂᖅ, ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᒧᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᓯᕉᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅᓯᕉᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᔾᔪᐊᕌᔭᒃ ᐃᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᖕᓄᑦ, ᑕᓴᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᑉᐸᖅᑐᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᙱᑕᖓ; ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᑕ ᐱᓇᓪᓗᑎᖓ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᓯᕉ, 0.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →; ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᓐᓂ; 30-ᒧᓪᓗ ᐱᑕᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖓᓂ 11-ᒥᑦ ᓯᑯᑦᓯᐅᑎᑉ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓂᖓᑎᑐᑦ 14-ᒧᑦ ᑕᑭᔪᓄᓪᓗ ᐃᓂᓄᑦᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦᐃᓂᑲᐃᕙᖅᑐᒥ 37 ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᑦ ᐃᓂᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖓ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐃᓂᒋᐊᖅ, ᖃᓪᓗᐊᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →. ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᑦᑐᒋᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎ ᐱᑕᖃᐃᓕᖅᑐᖅ. ᑕᒪᑐᒪᑕ ᓯᓚᑖᓂ ᐃᓂᑦ 0, 28, 9, 26, 30, 2-ᓗ ᐅᓐᓂ; 30 ᐊᑎᖓᒍᑦ ᐊᑐᖁᔭᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ ᓯᕉ, ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᖅ, ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ. ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᒪᓕᒃᑐᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᐊᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᐊᙱᓪᓗᓂᓗ. ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓ ᓯᕉ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᓱᓕᔪᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᓄᖅ ᑕᐅᕗᖓ ᑎᑭᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ.
ᐊᑎᓕᒃ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ, ᐊᑐᓂ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᑐᑭᓕᐊ
ᐊᑎᓕᒃ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᓂᐅᕕᐊᒃᓴᐅᔪᑦ, ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᕉᓚᑦᒥ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑎᑦᓯᔾᔪᑎᑎᑐᑦ, ᐊᔾᔨᒋᙱᑦᑐᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ. ᐊᑐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᖓᔪᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓪᓗ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒧᑦ 2.70%-ᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑐᖅ. ᐹᓪᒪᓐ (Bollman, 2024) ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᓈᓴᐃᔪᖅ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖓᓄᑦ, ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐊᑐᓂ 5.26%-ᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᖃᖅᑐᑦ; ᐅᕙᓂ ᐃᐅᕌᐸ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖓᓂ.
ᓱᓕᔪᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ
ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᔾᔨᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᓯᔪᑦ: ᖃᓄᖅ ᐊᔪᒐᒐᔪᒻᒪᖔᖅᐱᑦ, ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓃᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐊᖏᑎᒋᒻᒪᖔᑕ, ᐱᐅᙱᓛᖅ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐱᐅᙱᑎᒋᒻᒪᖔᑦ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓱᓕᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᑦ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᕈᑏᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᓗ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᐊᓂᑦ ᐱᔪᒪᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ. ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᓯᙱᑕᖓ ᐊᑭᖓ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑕ 2.70%-ᖓ, ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓃᓪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒥᑦᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᖅ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ. ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ ᑕᒪᐃᑦ ᑕᒪᑐᒧᖓ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᓯᔭᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᒪᑕ, ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᐳᑦ.
ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑏᑦ
ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᖅᑭᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓯᖅ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ 25 ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ. ᒫᑎᓐᒐᐃᓪ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓇᓂ 80% ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᖅ. ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᔪᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᑎᑭᓐᓂᐊᖅᐳᑦ, ᐊᖏᓂᖅᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ.
ᓄᖅᑲᕐᕕᒃᓴᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᖓ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᒥᑭᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᕐᒥᒃᓈᓴᐃᓂᖅᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᑭᖓ ᐊᕐᓕᒃᓗᒍ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ; ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᕕᒃᓴᕐᒥ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᒥᑭᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᓪᓗᓂ. ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᐅᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᙱᑦᑐᖅ.
ᓈᒻᒪᒃᑐᒥ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒥ ᐅᓐᓂ. ᓴᖑᓯᒪᔪᒥ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒥᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᕕᒃᓴᖑᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅ ᓴᓇᓂᖓᑕ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓐᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓂᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓂᒃ 1/37-ᒥᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᑦᓯᐊᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᑕᐅᓴᓐ ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᒍᑎᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →, ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑎᐅᔪᖅ, ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ.
ᓈᓴᐃᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ
ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᐆᒃᑐᕐᓗᑎᑦ. ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑏᑦ ᐃᓗᓕᖏᑦ ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ; ᐅᐸᒍᓐᓇᕈᕕᑦ ᒪᑐᐃᖅᓯᓗᒍ.
ᒪᐃᒃ ᑳᕈ (Mike Caro) 1997-ᒥ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᓗᐊᕐᓃᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᖓ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᐃᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᒥᒃᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 18 ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ. ᕖᓇᓯᑐᑦ: ᕈᔾ (rouge).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᒥᒡᓗᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 18 ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ. ᕖᓇᓯᑐᑦ: ᓄᐊᕐ (noir).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →, ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒡᓗ, ᓯᕉᓂᒡᓗᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅᓯᕉᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᔾᔪᐊᕌᔭᒃ ᐃᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᖕᓄᑦ, ᑕᓴᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᑉᐸᖅᑐᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᙱᑕᖓ; ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᑕ ᐱᓇᓪᓗᑎᖓ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᓯᕉ, 0.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →; ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᓂᒡᓗ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ; ᓈᓴᐅᑎᒥᒃ 30-ᒥᒃ; ᐃᓂᓂᒡᓗᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦᐃᓂᑲᐃᕙᖅᑐᒥ 37 ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᑦ ᐃᓂᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖓ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐃᓂᒋᐊᖅ, ᖃᓪᓗᐊᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ 11-ᒥᑦ ᓯᕿᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖓᑎᒍᑦ 14-ᒧᑦ. ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐊᓗᒃ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐊᓗᒃ ᐊᑐᕐᓗᒋᑦ. ᓇᓕᐊᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᐸᑦ?
ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎ ᑕᑯᓗᒍ
ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎ ᐱᑕᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ. ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᖅᑐᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓ ᓯᕉᓪᓗᐊᑦᑕᖅ.
ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ, ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓯᕉᓪᓗ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᐃᕈᑎᒃ 1-ᒥᑦ 36-ᒧᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᓂᒃ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᓂᒃ ᒥᑭᑦᑐᓂᒡᓗ ᑲᑎᖅᓱᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ.
ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᓪᓗ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᐃᕈᑎᒃ ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ (12, 14, 16, 18, 30, 32, 34, 36) ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᓪᓗ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᑦ (11, 13, 15, 17, 29, 31, 33, 35) ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑐᑦ: ᖁᓕᑦ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᓪᓗ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ. 30 ᐱᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᐃᕈᓂ ᖁᓕᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓪᓗ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑐᑦ.
ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖓᓂ 11-ᒥᑦ ᓯᕿᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖓᑎᒍᑦ 14-ᒧᑦ 38 ᐃᓂᓂᑦ 32-ᓂᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᖅᓯᔪᖅ. ᓯᓚᑖᓂ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᑦ 0, 28, 9, 26, 30 ᐊᒻᒪ 2. ᖁᓕᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓪᓗ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐲᖅᓯᒥᔪᖅ. ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᖅᑎᑦᓯᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᑎᑦᓯᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑳᕈᐅᑉ ᑐᑭᓯᑎᑦᓯᒍᒪᔭᖓ.
Kryptos ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᒫᑎᓐᒐᐃᓪᓂᒃᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒫᑎᓐᒐᐃᓪᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᒪᕐᕉᕆᐊᖅᑐᖅ. ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᐃᓚᖓᓂ ᑕᑯᓗᒍ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᖓ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᙱᓐᓂᖓᓗ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᑕᐅᑦᑎᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔪᖅ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᒃᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ/ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ/ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᖏᔪᑦ/ᒥᑭᔪᑦ. 18 ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ, ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎ 1:1.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᒪᕐᕉᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑭᓐᓄᑦ (ᐊᖏᔪᑦ ᒥᑭᔪᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᕐᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᕐᓘᓐᓃᑦ), ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 ᐊᑐᖅᓱᒋᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᓯᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓃᑦ ᑭᖑᓂᐊᒍᑦ. ᐱᖓᓱᓂᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐃᐅᕌᐸ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖓᓂ ᑕᑯᓗᒍ. ᖃᓄᖅ ᐊᒥᓱᐃᕐᓗᓂ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᕙ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᓄᑎᒋ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᐸ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐅᔪᓂᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂ ᖃᓄᑎᒋ ᐃᓚᐅᕙ?
ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎ ᑕᑯᓗᒍ
ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᔪᖅ 55 ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐊᐅᓚᓃᓂ ᐊᑕᐅᑦᑎᒃ, 1.83%-ᖓᓂ, ᑕᒪᓐᓇᓗ 63 ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑏᓂᒃᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᐅᑉ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᐅᑉ ᑐᙵᕕᒋᔭᖓ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ. ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᓇᓕᐊᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐊᑐᕈᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᑭᖃᖅᑐᖅ. ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖅ 0.17 ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑏᓂᒃ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᔪᖅ 6.42 ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑏᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ: 2.70%, ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ ᐊᑭᖏᑦ.
ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᔪᖅ 19/37 ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖓᓂ, ᓯᕉ ᐃᓚᓗᒍ. ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᑦ ᑐᓪᓕᖅᑲᑕᐅᔪᑦ: (19/37)⁶ = 0.0183, 55-ᓂ 1 ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 = 63 ᐊᓯᐅᔪᑦ. ᐊᓯᐊᒍᓪᓕ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖅ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ +1 ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᒥᒡᓗ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑎᔪᖅ.
ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ: 1 × (1 − 0.0183) − 63 × 0.0183 = 1 − 64 × 0.0183 = −0.17 ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑏᑦ.
ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᑦ: ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑕᒪᑦᑕᐃᓐᓇ ᐃᓕᓯᔭᐅᕙᒃᑐᖅ, ᒪᕐᕉᖓ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᑭᖑᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ, ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ: 1 + 2 × (19/37) + 4 × (19/37)² + … + 32 × (19/37)⁵ = 6.42 ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑏᑦ. −0.17/6.42 = −2.70%-ᓗ.
ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᓇᓕᐊᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᔭᐅᓂᐊᕐᒪᖔᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᖅᓯᔪᑦ, ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑕᖏᑦ. ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᒍᑎᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᕆᐊᖅᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᖏᓕᒋᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᕐᓗ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᑦᑕᐅᖅ. ᐳᓪᒪᓐ (Bollman, 2024) ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖓᓂ ᓈᓴᐃᔪᖅ, ᑕᐃᕙᓂ ᑕᒪᒃᑭᑦ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑐᓪᓕᖅᑲᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᕙᒃᑐᑦ 2.1%-ᖓᓂ.
ᐃᓪᓗᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐊᖅ
ᐊᔪᒐᒐᔪᓐᓂᖅ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒡᓗ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒋᙱᑦᑐᒃ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᒃ.
ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ
- Thorp, E. O. “Optimal gambling systems for favorable games.”
- Thorp, E. O. The Mathematics of Gambling.
- Doob, J. L. “Note on probability.”
- Halmos, P. R. “Invariants of certain stochastic transformations: the mathematical theory of gambling systems.”
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Bollman, M. Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette.
- Bollman, M. Basic Gambling Mathematics: The Numbers Behind the Neon, 2nd ed.