ᓱᖏᑦ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᓇᓗᐊᖅᐸ?
ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓰᑦ ᓱᑲᑦᑐᑦ, ᖃᓂᒡᓕᓗᐊᕐᓃᑦ, ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᖃᖓᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ, ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒥᒡᓗ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᓗᐊᕐᓂᖅ. ᕉᓚᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᕐᓂᐊᕐᓗᓂ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᑭᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ.
ᓱᖏᑦ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᓇᓗᐊᖅᐸ? ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓂᖓ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑏᑦ ᓇᓂᓯᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᙱᓛᓂᒃ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᑎᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᖅ: ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᖃᑦᓯᐊᓂ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᒥ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓰᑦ ᓇᐃᑦᑐᑦ, ᖃᓂᒡᓕᓗᐊᕐᓃᑦ, ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᓂᕈᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᓂᕈᐊᕐᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᐃᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓃᓪᓗ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑦᑐᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᑐᑦ ᐃᒃᐱᒋᔭᐅᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ.
ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᖃᑦᓯᐊᓂ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᒥ
ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᒃᑐᖅ, ᐱᓇᓱᒃᑐᓂ ᖃᑦᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑐᓂ, ᑲᔪᓯᓛᒥᒃ ᐱᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᕙᒃᑐᖅ ᓂᕐᔪᑎᓂ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂ. ᕉᓚᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᖅ: ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 18 ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ. ᕖᓇᓯᑐᑦ: ᕈᔾ (rouge).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᑭᓕᖅᐸᒃᑐᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᐊᑦ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᑐᓂ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓈᓴᐅᑎ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ, ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎ 35:1.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → 37-ᐊᑦ ᐊᑐᓂ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ, ᐊᔾᔨᐅᒐᔪᒃᑐᖃᙱᓗᓂ. ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ (slot) ᑖᓐᓇ ᐊᑐᕐᓗᒍ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ; ᕉᓚᑦ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒧᖓ ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 1796-ᒥ ᓈᒻᒪᒃᑐᑐᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐅᓇᓱᒃᓗᓂ.
ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓰᑦ ᓇᐃᑦᑐᑦ
ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᖅ ᒥᓂᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐊᑯᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᑕᑯᔭᐅᔪᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᖕᒥ, ᓯᑭᓐᓂᒡᓗ RNG ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᖓᓂ. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓰᑦ ᓇᐃᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᔪᖏᖅᓴᐃᔾᔪᑏᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᐃᑲᕐᕋᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᐃᓪᓗ ᒥᑭᔪᑦ ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂ. ᓱᒃᑲᔪᖅ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐃᒻᒥᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᔪᓪᓗ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᖅ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᑦ. ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᓈᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓ (ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ × ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ / 37) ᐊᒻᒪ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᔪᖏᖅᓴᐃᔾᔪᑏᑦ ᖃᑦᓯᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᑲᕐᕋᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᓂ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᑕᑎᑦ.
ᖃᓂᒡᓕᓗᐊᕐᓃᑦ
ᐊᖅᓴᖅᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦᐊᖅᓴᖅᒥᑭᔪᖅ ᐊᖅᓴᖅ ᐊᖁᑎᖓᓂ ᑲᐃᕙᖅᑐᑉ ᐊᑉᐱᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᒋᑕᐅᔪᖅ. ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᖅᓵᑦ ᐃᕗᕆᓐ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑎᕙᓚᓐ, 18–21 mm.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᓈᓴᐅᑎᑎᑦ ᓴᓂᐊᓂ ᐃᓂᒧᑦᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦᐃᓂᑲᐃᕙᖅᑐᒥ 37 ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᑦ ᐃᓂᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖓ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐃᓂᒋᐊᖅ, ᖃᓪᓗᐊᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐃᑦᑎᒃᐸᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔾᔪᑏᑦ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓚᖓᒍᑦ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᕐᒥᑐᑦ ᑭᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ. ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ ᖃᓂᒡᓕᓗᐊᕐᓃᑦ ᑲᔪᓯᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᖏᓕᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ; ᕉᓚᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ, ᓈᓴᐅᑎ ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᓂᒃ ᓴᓂᐊᓃᑦᑐᓕᒃᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓴᓂᐊᓃᑦᑐᑦᓈᓴᐅᑎ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒥᓗ ᓴᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂ ᐃᓂᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ, ᑕᓪᓕᒪᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᓯᑉᐳᖏᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᕆᕝᕕᒃᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᕆᕝᕕᒃᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᖏᑦ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒃ, ᐅᓗᐱᓕᒐᖅ, ᐊᓐᓄᕌᒃᓴᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → “ᖃᓂᒡᓕᓗᐊᕐᓂᖅ” ᑕᑯᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᑎᒻᒪᑦ (ᐊᖅᓴᖅ 17-ᒥ 18 ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᒥᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 18 ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ. ᕖᓇᓯᑐᑦ: ᓄᐊᕐ (noir).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐃᓂᒥᒃ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑎᒋᔪᖅ). ᐃᓂᒧᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᑕᒻᒪᕐᓂᖅ ᐃᓂᓄᑦ ᖁᓕᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕕᓂᓖᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᓄᓪᓗ ᑕᒻᒪᕐᓂᑐᑦ ᑕᒻᒪᕐᓂᐅᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᑐᓪᓗ ᐃᒃᐱᒋᔭᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ.
ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᓗᐊᕐᓂᖅ
ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑐᑦ, ᓯᑉᐳᓂᒃᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᓯᑉᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑎ ᐊᑭᖃᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᕆᕝᕕᖕᒥ ᐃᓕᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖓ: ᓯᐊᒃ (check).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᖃᐅᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓕᔨᔪᑦ, ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᒪᓕᒃᑐᑦ, ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᒥᓪᓗ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᒃᓗᑎᒃ. ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑐᖅ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᒻᒥᓂᖅ. ᓛᔪᕐ (Langer) ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᐊᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓂᖅᓴᐅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᒥᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᓕᖕᒥᑦ. ᕉᓚᑦ ᓂᕈᐊᕐᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᓂ ᑐᓂᓯᔪᖅ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᐹᓂᑦ, ᓂᕈᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᑐᓗᐊᖃᙱᓪᓚᕆᒃᓗᓂ.
ᓱᖏᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖅ ᐃᑲᔪᕙ, ᐃᓚᖓᒍᑦ
ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑐᑭᓯᓂᖅ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᑎᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᐃᔪᖅ. ᓄᖅᑲᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᖅ ᓯᕗᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕐᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᔪᖏᖅᓴᐃᔾᔪᑏᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖏᑕ ᓯᓚᑖᓂ. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ ᒥᑭᓂᖅᓴᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᓪᓗ ᓱᒃᑲᐃᓐᓂᖅᓴᖅ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᕐᕋᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᓂ ᒥᑭᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ. ᑮᓇᐅᔭᒃᓴᖅ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᒍᓂ, ᓯᑉᐳᓂ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᙱᓪᓗᓂ, ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑎᒋᓂᖓ ᒥᑭᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᖅ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᓂᒡᓕᓗᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᑕᒻᒪᕐᓂᐅᓂᕋᐃᓪᓗᒍ, ᓂᐱᓪᓚᒃᓗᓂ, ᐱᐅᓯᐅᔪᖅ ᒥᑭᔪᖅ ᓈᓴᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᖅᑐᐃᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᒥᑭᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ.
ᖃᖓ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᕐᓂᐊᖅᐸ
ᐊᑯᓂᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐸᕐᓇᓚᐅᖅᑕᕐᓂᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᔨᖅᓯᓂᖅ, ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓯᒪᔭᕐᓂᒃ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑦᓯᓇᓱᒃᓂᖅ, ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑐᓴᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᑉᐱᕐᓂᖅ, ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᕐᓂᖅ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᒃᓂᖅ. ᐃᓱᒪᑦᓴᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᒪᑉᐱᒐᖓ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᕝᕕᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᓘᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᓇ ᐊᑐᓂ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᐊᑭᖃᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᑐᓴᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖃᙱᑦᑐᓂᒡᓗ. ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔩᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔩᓪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓇᓱᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᓕᒍᐊᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ; ᐃᓕᖕᓂᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᓗᑎᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑎᑦ.
ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑏᑦ
ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᓱᑲᓐᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᓂᒡᓕᓗᐊᕐᓂᕐᓂᒡᓗ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ. ᕉᓚᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᓗᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑐᖅ. ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᖃᑦᓯᐊᓂ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓃᒃ; ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓐᓂᖅ ᓱᓕᔪᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂ.
ᐃᓚᖓᒍᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖅ ᓱᓕᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᑉᐱᕐᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᒥᑭᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ; ᑲᔪᖏᖅᓴᐃᔾᔪᑎ ᐲᖅᓯᙱᑦᑐᖅ.
ᑮᓇᐅᔭᒃᓴᐅᑉ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᖓᓂᒃ ᓄᖅᑲᕐᕕᒃᓴᒥᒡᓗ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ ᐱᒋᐊᓚᐅᙱᓐᓂᕐᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᐃᔪᓐᓇᕆᐊᑭᑦᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ.
ᐃᓪᓗᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐊᖅ
1796-ᒥ ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔾᔪᑏᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᕆᐊᑭᓛᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ.
ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ
- Langer, E. J. “The illusion of control.”
- Clark, L. et al. “Gambling near-misses enhance motivation to gamble and recruit win-related brain circuitry.”
- Schüll, N. D. Addiction by Design.