ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᕉᓚᑦᒥ
“ᐊᕝᕙᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ”: ᕖᓇᓯ ᕉᓚᑦᒥ, ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᑐᑭᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ/ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ/ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᖏᔪᑦ/ᒥᑭᔪᑦ. 18 ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ, ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎ 1:1.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᕝᕙᖓᓂᒃ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓯᕉ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᓪᓗᒍ.
ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᐊᑐᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᓈᓴᐃᓂᖅᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᑐᓂ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᓯᒪᓂᖅᓴᖅᑕᖓ: ᐃᐅᕌᐸ ᕉᓚᑦᒥ 2.70%.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᒧᑦ/ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᒧᑦ, ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᒧᑦ/ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᐊᖏᔪᓄᑦ/ᒥᑭᔪᓄᓪᓗ 2.70%-ᒥᑦ 1.35%-ᒧᑦ ᒥᑭᓕᖅᑐᖅ. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᙱᑦᑐᑦ.
ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᕉᓚᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖓ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐊᐅᓚᕙ
$10 ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᒧᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 18 ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ. ᕖᓇᓯᑐᑦ: ᕈᔾ (rouge).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᖅᑐᑎᑦ. ᐊᖅᓴᖅᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦᐊᖅᓴᖅᒥᑭᔪᖅ ᐊᖅᓴᖅ ᐊᖁᑎᖓᓂ ᑲᐃᕙᖅᑐᑉ ᐊᑉᐱᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᒋᑕᐅᔪᖅ. ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᖅᓵᑦ ᐃᕗᕆᓐ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑎᕙᓚᓐ, 18–21 mm.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᓯᕉᒧᑦᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅᓯᕉᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᔾᔪᐊᕌᔭᒃ ᐃᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᖕᓄᑦ, ᑕᓴᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᑉᐸᖅᑐᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᙱᑕᖓ; ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᑕ ᐱᓇᓪᓗᑎᖓ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᓯᕉ, 0.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᑐᑦᑕᖅᑐᖅ. ᓯᑉᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᓯᑉᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑎ ᐊᑭᖃᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᕆᕝᕕᖕᒥ ᐃᓕᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖓ: ᓯᐊᒃ (check).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐲᖅᓯᓇᓱᒃᑎᓐᓇᒍ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔨ $5 ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ $5-ᒥᒡᓗ ᑎᒍᓯᓪᓗᓂ. ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᙱᑦᑐᑦ: ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ ᐊᑭᓕᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ 1, 1-ᒧᑦ, ᓯᕉ ᐊᔪᒐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ 35, 1-ᒧᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ, ᑕᓴᓐᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᑕᓴᓐ1–12, 13–24 ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ 25–36, ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎ 2:1.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᓇᑉᐸᖅᑐᓪᓗᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓇᑉᐸᖅᑐᖅᖁᓕᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᒡᓗ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᕆᕝᕕᐅᑉ ᓇᑉᐸᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥ, ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎ 2:1.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᓯᐅᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓈᒃ. ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐃᓂᓄᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᖅ, ᓯᕉ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ.
ᓈᓴᐃᓂᖅ
EV ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᒧᑦᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᐅᑉ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᐅᑉ ᑐᙵᕕᒋᔭᖓ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ. ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᓇᓕᐊᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐊᑐᕈᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᖃᙱᑦᑎᓪᓗᒍ: (18/37)(+1) + (19/37)(−1) = −1/37 ≈ −2.70%. ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾᒪᓕᒐᖅᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾᕖᓇᓯ ᒪᓕᒐᖓ: ᓯᕉ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᐸᑦ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᑕ ᕿᑎᖓ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ. ᑕᐃᒃᑯᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᓐᓂ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓ ᕿᑎᐊᓄᑦ ᒥᑭᓕᒋᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ, 1.35%-ᒧᑦ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᑐᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ: (18/37)(+1) + (18/37)(−1) + (1/37)(−½) = −1/74 ≈ −1.35%. ᓯᕉᒧᑦ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᕝᕙᖓ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᑕ ᐊᕝᕙᖓ ᐲᖅᑐᖅ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᕉᓚᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖓ ᐊᑐᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᒧᑦ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᖅ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᓐᓂᖓᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐊᖏᒡᓕᕙᒃᑐᖅ.
ᓇᓂ ᓇᓂᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᐸ
ᕖᓇᓯᒥ ᒨᓇᑯᒥᓗ ᑳᓯᓄᓂ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ, ᐃᐅᕌᐸᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐃᓂᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᑯᔭᐅᔪᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᓐᓂ ᐊᒥᓱᓂ “ᕖᓇᓯ ᕉᓚᑦᐊᔾᔨᒋᙱᑦᑐᖅᕖᓇᓯ ᕉᓚᑦᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᓯᕉᓕᒃ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅ ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᓐ ᐳᕆᓴᓐ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᒃ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᖕᓂ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓ 1.35%-ᒧᑦ ᐊᑦᑎᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →” ᐊᑎᓕᓐᓂ. ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᐃᓂᖓᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓗᒍ: ᐊᑎ ᐃᓚᓐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᐅᕌᐸ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᖅ ᕖᓇᓯ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖓᓂᒃ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᓕᒻᒥ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᐊᑐᙱᓪᓗᒍ. ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥ ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᐊᖏᔪᓂᒃ ᑭᒡᓕᓕᓐᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᕈᓯᓐᓂ “ᓴᒃᑑᕐᓂᖅ” (surrender) ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᓯᕉ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖓᓂ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ; ᑖᓐᓇ ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᐊᓯᐊᓂᒃ ᐊᑎᓕᒃ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᓐᓂ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᓂᒃ 5.26%-ᒥᑦ 2.63%-ᒧᑦ ᒥᑭᓕᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᓪᓗᓂ.
ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᐸ
ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᓇᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᓐᓂᖏᑦ ᒪᓕᒡᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᐃᔪᖅ. ᐊᑲᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ ᖁᕝᕙᑦᑎᔪᑦ, ᐱᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᖅ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ (ᒫᑎᓐᒐᐃᓪᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒫᑎᓐᒐᐃᓪᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᒪᕐᕉᕆᐊᖅᑐᖅ. ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑏᑦ ᐃᓚᖓᓂ ᑕᑯᓗᒍ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᖓ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᙱᓐᓂᖓᓗ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →, ᑕᓚᒻᐱᐅᕐ, ᓚᐳᓯᐊᕐᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓚᐳᓯᐊᕐᐲᖅᓯᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ: ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᖓᓂᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓗᑎᑦ, ᐃᓱᖏᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᑲᑎᓪᓗᒋᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᓗᑎᑦ, ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑲᓂ ᐲᖅᓯᓗᒋᒃ, ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᒐᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓯᒪᔭᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᕐᓗᒍ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →, ᐸᕈᓕᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᐸᕈᓕᐱᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ: ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᖅ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ ᒪᕐᕉᕆᐊᖅᓗᒍ, ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓃᑦ ᑐᓪᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᑭᖑᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑭᓪᓗᒍ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖓ: ᐅᑎᖅᑕᖅ ᒫᑎᓐᒐᐃᓪ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ →) ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃᑐᒧᑦ/ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᒧᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᖅᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ 18 ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ. ᕖᓇᓯᑐᑦ: ᓄᐊᕐ (noir).ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ. ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅᓈᓴᐃᓂᖅᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᑭᖓ ᐊᕐᓕᒃᓗᒍ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ; ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᕕᒃᓴᕐᒥ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᑦᔨᐅᑎᒧᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᒧᑦ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᐊᕝᕙᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ. ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᒃᓴᖅᑎᑦᓯᓕᙱᑦᑐᖅ; ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᐅᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᐸᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᖓ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᕆᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᖅ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᕐᓂᕐᒥᑦ.
ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᐅᕈᑎ
ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑏᑦ
ᐋᒡᒐ. ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓄᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ.
ᐊᔾᔨᖓᓗᐊᖅᑐᖅ. ᒪᕐᕉᒃ 1.35% ᖃᓂᒋᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑐᒃ. ᓚ ᐸᕐᑕᔾ ᑐᐊᕕᕐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᓱᐃᔪᖅ; ᐊᓐ ᐳᕆᓴᓐᒪᓕᒐᖅᐊᓐ ᐳᕆᓴᓐᕖᓇᓯ ᒪᓕᒐᖓ: ᓯᕉ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᐸᑦ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᑕᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᑐᓪᓕᐊᓄᑦ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑎᒍᒥᐊᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ. ᑕᐃᒃᑯᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᓐᓂ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᓂᒃ ᕿᑎᐊᓄᑦ ᒥᑭᓕᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᑐᓪᓕᐊᓂᒃ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ.
ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᓐᓂᖏᑦᑐᖅ. ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒃ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᖅ. ᒪᓐᑎ ᑳᓗᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᑦ ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᒥᒃ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ ᓯᕉ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᓪᓗᒍ.
ᐃᓪᓗᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐊᖅ
1.35%. ᕉᓚᑦᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐱᐅᓛᖅ ᒪᓕᒐᐅᔪᖅ, ᓈᓴᐅᑎᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ.
ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Epstein, R. A. The Theory of Gambling and Statistical Logic, 2nd ed.