ᕉᓚᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᒃ ᑳᓕᕗᓂᐊᒥ?
ᕉᓚᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᒃ ᑳᓕᕗᓂᐊᒥ? ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐊᑎᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᑳᓯᓅᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᐅᑎᓂᒃ (ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ) ᐊᑐᖅᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᕙᒃᐳᑦ.
ᑳᓕᕗᓂᐊ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐊᑎᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᓯᒪᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓ 1872-ᒥᑦ, ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓪᓗ ᑳᓯᓅᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑏᑦ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓃᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ, ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅ ᐊᖅᓴᕐᓗ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑕᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ. ᑳᓯᓅᑦ ᕉᓚᑦ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᕙᒃᐳᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᓪᓗ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲ ᕉᓚᑦᐸᓗᒃ 5.26% ᑎᒍᒥᐊᖅᑐᑦ. ᐅᒃᓚᐦᐅᒪ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 2018 ᑎᑭᓪᓗᒍ, ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑐᐃᓂᖓᓪᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐋᓐᑎᙳᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ.
ᓱᖕᒪᑦ ᕉᓚᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᑳᓕᕗᓂᐊᒥ?
ᑳᓕᕗᓂᐊᐅᑉ ᐱᕋᔭᒃᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖏᑦ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐊᑎᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᓯᒪᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ 1872-ᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᑕᒪᐃᑦ ᑳᓯᓄ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᕋᖅᑐᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᓚᖓᓂᒃ ᑎᒍᓯᔪᖅ, ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᕐᕈᑎᓂᒡᓘᓐᓃᑦ. ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑳᓯᓅᖏᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᑎᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓯᑎᐱᕆ 1999-ᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Proposition 1A-ᒃᑯᑦ, ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑎᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᒫᑦᓯ 2000-ᒥ: ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᐅᑎᑦ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᐃᑦ, ᓛᑦᑐᕆ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓃᑦ, ᑳᑦᑕᓪᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓃᑦ ᑳᓯᓄ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᕋᖅᑐᖅᑕᖏᑦ. ᕉᓚᑦ ᐊᑎᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ. 2007-ᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᐅᑉ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᒪᔨᖏᑦ (Division of Gambling Control) ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᕉᓚᑦ ᓴᓇᕐᕈᑎᒧᑦ ᑭᓱᒧᑦ ᐃᓱᓕᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ, ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᕕᐃᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᓄᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᙱᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑳᓯᓅᖏᓐᓂ. ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᒐᒥ, ᕉᓚᑦ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᙳᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑏᓪᓗ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ. ᒐᕙᒪᐅᑉ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᖏᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᕋᖅᑐᖅᓯᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᑭᓱᒥᒃᑭᐊᖅ. ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᐊᑭᕋᖅᑐᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᒻᒥᓂᒃ, ᐃᓚᖓᑦ ᐊᓪᓗᕆᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᕆᔨᐅᕙᒃᓗᓂ, ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑐᖅᑎᑦᓯᕙᒃᑐᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐅᑉ 1%-ᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᒥᓱᐃᖅᓴᐃᓐᓇᕐᒥ, $1 ᒥᑭᓛᖅ, ᐳᓪᒪᓐ (Bollman, 2021) ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᔭᖓᑎᑐᑦ. ᐊᑭ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒥᒃ ᐊᖏᒡᓕᕙᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒧᑦ ᒥᑭᔪᒧᑦ ᐳᑦᑐᓂᖅᐹᖑᕗᖅ, ᐅᒃᓚᐦᐅᒪᐅᑉ ᐋᓐᑎᖓᑎᑐᑦᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᐋᓐᑎᐊᑭᖃᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓐᓇᒍ. ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᓐᓂᕈᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᔪᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐊᑖᓂ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑎᑐᑦ.
ᑳᓕᕗᓂᐊᒥ ᕉᓚᑦ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ, ᐅᒃᓚᐦᐅᒪᐅᓪᓗ ᐋᓐᑎᖓ
ᑳᓕᕗᓂᐊᒥ, ᑕᐃᒪ, ᕉᓚᑦ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᐳᖅ: ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᑳᑦᑕᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᐅᑎᑦ ᐃᓱᓕᑎᑦᓯᕙᒃᐳᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᓪᓗ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲ ᕉᓚᑦᐸᓗᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᑎᒍᒥᐊᖅᑐᑦ. ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓃᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᓪᓕᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᔅᓯᕙᒃᐳᑦ; ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ, 100-ᒥᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ 300-ᒥᒃ, 1-ᒧᑦ, ᐊᑭᓕᖅᓯᔪᖅ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᑎᑦ ᑳᑦᑕᐅᑉ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖓᓄᑦ ᓇᓪᓕᒋᐊᖃᑎᒋᓂᖓᓂ, ᐊᑭᖃᖅᑐᖅ 30.33%. ᐅᒃᓚᐦᐅᒪᐅᑉ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑳᓯᓅᖏᑦ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᕙᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ 2018-ᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᓕᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔨᓄᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᑦᓯᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᙱᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᓕᒫᒥ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᖅᓴᖅᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦᐊᖅᓴᖅᒥᑭᔪᖅ ᐊᖅᓴᖅ ᐊᖁᑎᖓᓂ ᑲᐃᕙᖅᑐᑉ ᐊᑉᐱᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᒋᑕᐅᔪᖅ. ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᖅᓵᑦ ᐃᕗᕆᓐ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑎᕙᓚᓐ, 18–21 mm.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᐅᑎᓪᓗ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑕᐅᓕᕐᒥᒡᒥ. ᐳᓪᒪᓐ (2021) ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᔭᖓᑎᑐᑦ, ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐊᑭᖏᑦ $1 ᐋᓐᑎᙳᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ. ᐊᑭ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᒥᑭᔪᓄᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓄᑦ ᐳᑦᑐᓂᖅᐹᖑᕗᖅ: $N ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒥ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓ 1/19 + 1/N ᐅᕗᖅ. ᐊᑭ ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᑎᖓ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᓂ ᐊᑭᕋᖅᑐᖅᑕᐅᙱᑦᑐᓂ: ᐅᒃᓚᐦᐅᒪᒥ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑎᐅᔪᖅ Las Vegas Advisor-ᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 2019-ᒥ WinStar-ᐅᑉ 50 ᓯᐊᓐᑦ ᐊᑭᖓ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑎᒍᔪᓐᓇᖅᑕᑐᐊᖓᑦ ᐳᓛᒃᔭᒃᒥᑦ. 2026-ᒥ ᑳᓯᓅᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᐅᑎᖏᑦ ᓱᓕ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᒃᓚᐦᐅᒪᒥ ᕉᓚᑦᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᑳᓯᓄᒧᑦ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᓯᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ, ᖃᔅᓯᐅᓂᖓ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᙱᓪᓗᒍ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐊᐱᕆᓗᑎᑦ. ᑳᓕᕗᓂᐊᒥ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑭᓇ ᑭᓱᓂᒃ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔪᓐᓇᕐᒪᖔᑦ: 2024-ᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ, SB 549, ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔾᔪᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᒐᕙᒪᐅᑉ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᓂᐊᖅᑎᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᑳᑦᑕᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᐅᑐᐱᕆᓪᓗ 2025-ᒥ ᓵᒃᕋᒥᓐᑐ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᕝᕕᖓ ᐲᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔾᔪᑎ, ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖏᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᒐᒥ. ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᖕᓂᖅᓴᒧᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᕝᕕᖕᒧᑦ ᐊᐱᕆᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ.
ᓈᓴᐃᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ
ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᐆᒃᑐᕐᓗᑎᑦ. ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑏᑦ ᐃᓗᓕᖏᑦ ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ; ᐅᐸᒍᓐᓇᕈᕕᑦ ᒪᑐᐃᖅᓯᓗᒍ.
$1 ᐋᓐᑎᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᐋᓐᑎᐊᑭᖃᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓐᓇᒍ. ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᓐᓂᕈᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᔪᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᖅ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓇ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᒍᓂ, $100 ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓄᑦ ᐹᔅᑭᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐹᔅᑭᑦᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᓯᕉᓕᒻᒥ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒥ: 0, 1, 2, 3 ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᓯᑉᒥᒃ, ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎ 8:1. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦ ᓯᑕᒪᑦ, ᑲᑐᕐ ᐳᕋᒥᐊ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᖃᓄᑎᒋ ᐊᑭᖃᖅᐸ? $5 ᐹᔅᑭᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓗ?
ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎ ᑕᑯᓗᒍ
ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎ $100-ᒥ 8.89%; $5-ᒥ 27.89%.
ᐹᔅᑭᑦ 0, 00, 1, 2 ᐊᒻᒪ 3-ᒥᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᖅᓯᔪᖅ 6, 1-ᒧᑦᓗ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᐸᒃᑐᖅ. 38 ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᓂ 5-ᕆᐊᖅᓗᒍ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᖅ (+30) 33-ᕆᐊᖅᓗᒍᓗ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓪᓗᓂ (−33): −3 38-ᓂ, ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓ 7.89%, ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᕆᕝᕕᒻᒥᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᕆᕝᕕᒃᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᖏᑦ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒃ, ᐅᓗᐱᓕᒐᖅ, ᐊᓐᓄᕌᒃᓴᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᑭᑦᑐᓛᖅ.
ᐋᓐᑎ $1-ᐅᓪᓗᐊᑦᑕᖅᐸᒃᑐᖅ, $100 ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐅᑉ 1%-ᖓ $5 ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᐅᑉ 20%-ᖓᓗ. 7.89%-ᒧᑦ ᐃᓚᓗᒍ: 8.89% ᐊᒻᒪ 27.89%. ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᖅ $1 ᐊᖏᔪᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒥ ᒥᑭᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᒥᑭᑦᑐᒥᓗ ᐊᖏᔪᒥᒃ.
ᐃᓪᓗᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐊᖅ
ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᖅᓴᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ. ᐊᔾᔨᒋᔭᖓ 5.26%.
ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ
- Bollman, M. Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette.
- Las Vegas Advisor. “Why does the Oklahoma WinStar casino charge 50 cents per table game?”
- American Casino Guide. “Oklahoma Casinos.”
- California Department of Justice, Division of Gambling Control. Tribal Casino Advisory No. 5, “Roulette Games.”
- Legislative Analyst’s Office. “Proposition 1A: Gambling on Tribal Lands.”