ᕆᑦᓴᑦ ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭ: ᕉᓚᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎ
ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᕆᔨ, ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᑕᒫᑦ ᑕᖅᑭᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓂᖅ, ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᕐᒥᓪᓗ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ ᑳᓯᓅᑦ ᓇᓗᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ.
ᕆᑦᓴᑦ ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭ (Richard Jarecki, 1931–2018), ᔮᒪᓂ ᐃᓅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᖅ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᕆᔨ, 1960-ᖏᓐᓂ 1970-ᖏᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓂᖓᓂᓗ ᐃᐅᕌᐸ ᑳᓯᓅᖏᓐᓂ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᓪᓗ ᐅᓄᕐᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᖅᑕᖏᑦ. ᐊᒥᓱᓂ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓂ $1.2 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ; ᓈᓴᐅᑎ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓐᓂᑯᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ. ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᕆᔨᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᓚᓐᑕᓐᒥ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖓᓂᒃ, 2018-ᒥᓗ ᑐᖁᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᑐᖃᓕᕆᔨᖓᓗ ᕋᓴᓪ ᐹᓐᕼᐊᑦ (Russell Barnhart) ᐃᔨᕈᑎᐅᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᑦ.
ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᕆᔨ ᓯᑎᑎᓐᒥᐅᖅ
ᕆᑦᓴᑦ ᕕᓪᕼᐃᐅᒻ ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭ (Richard Wilhelm Jarecki) ᑎᓯᐱᕆ 1, 1931-ᒥ ᓯᑎᑎᓐᒥ (Stettin) ᐃᓅᖅᑐᖅ, ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪ ᔮᒪᓂᒥ ᒫᓐᓇᓗ ᐳᓚᓐᒥ ᓯᑦᓯᑎᓐ (Szczecin). ᐊᑖᑕᖓ ᐊᒥᕐᒧᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᕆᔨ ᐊᓈᓇᖓᑕᓗ ᐃᓚᒌᖏᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᓕᕆᕝᕕᖕᒥᒃ ᓇᖏᖅᑐᑦ. ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᔫᑕ ᐅᑉᐱᕐᓂᖃᖅᑐᑦ 1930-ᖏᑦ ᐃᓱᐊᓂᓗ ᔮᒪᓂᒥᑦ ᐊᓂᔪᑦ. ᐊᔅᐳᕆ ᐹᒃᒥ (Asbury Park), ᓄ ᔨᕐᓯᒥ ᐱᕈᖅᓴᖅᑐᖅ, Duke University-ᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ, ᔮᒪᓂᒧᓪᓗ ᐅᑎᖅᑐᖅ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑎᓂᐊᕐᓗᓂ, ᕼᐊᐃᑎᐅᐳᕐᒡᒥ (Heidelberg) 1958-ᒥ ᐃᓱᓕᑦᑎᔪᖅ. 1964-ᒥ ᑳᕈᓪ ᕗᔅᒥᒃ (Carol Fuhse) ᐊᐃᑉᐱᖅᑐᖅ, ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓯᐅᖅᑎᒥᒃ ᓯᓐᓇᒃᑎᑦᓯᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ. 1967-ᒥ ᐊᐃᑉᐱᕆᒌᒃ ᕼᐊᐃᑎᐅᐳᕐᒡᒧᑦ ᓅᑦᑐᑯᒃ, ᑕᐅᕙᓂ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒧᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑐᖅ. 1969-ᒥ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᓂ ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᐅᑉ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᖓᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᖃᖅᑐᖅ, ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᐊᓪᓕ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔨᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᖏᔫᑉ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᓪᓗᑎᒍ.
ᐊᑐᖅᑕᖓ
ᕆᑦᓴᑦ ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᖓᓂᒃ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ ᑳᕈᓪ ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭ 2018-ᒥ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖓᓂᑦ ᐱᕝᕕᖃᖅᑐᖅ. ᒪᕐᕉᒃᑎᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑏᓪᓗ ᐊᒥᖅᑯᑦ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒥ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒥ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓂᑕᒫᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑐᑦ, ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ ᐅᓄᕐᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᑦ ᕿᓂᖅᓗᒋᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐊᔪᕐᓂᕋᓛᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓗᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ. ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ 10,000 ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᓐᓂᒃ ᑕᖅᑭᕐᒥᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᑐᖅ, ᐃᓚᖏᓪᓗ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᐃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᔅᓴᐅᑎᑦᓯᙱᑦᑐᑦ. ᓄᑖᕐᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ: “ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔭᖓᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ. ᐱᐅᓯᕚᓪᓕᖅᓯᓯᒪᔭᖓ.”
ᑳᓯᓄᓂ ᐅᓄᖅᑐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑐᑦ, ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᒪᓐᑎ ᑳᓗ, ᑎᕚᓐ-ᓚᐃ-ᐸᐃᓐ (Divonne-les-Bains), ᐹᑕᓐ-ᐹᑕᓐ ᓴᓐᕆᒧᓗ (Sanremo), ᑕᐅᕙᓃᒐᔪᓕᖅᑐᖅ. ᐃᐅᕌᐸ ᓈᒻᒪᒋᔭᖓ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖏᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᓯᕉᓕᒃᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅᓯᕉᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᔾᔪᐊᕌᔭᒃ ᐃᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᖕᓄᑦ, ᑕᓴᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᑉᐸᖅᑐᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᙱᑕᖓ; ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᑕ ᐱᓇᓪᓗᑎᖓ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᓯᕉ, 0.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒍ, 37 ᐃᓂᑦᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦᐃᓂᑲᐃᕙᖅᑐᒥ 37 ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᑦ ᐃᓂᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖓ. ᐊᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ: ᐃᓂᒋᐊᖅ, ᖃᓪᓗᐊᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → 38-ᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ. ᕖᕝᕗᐊᓕ 1969-ᒥ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ ᓴᓐᕆᒧᒥ ᑯᕉᐱᐊᒥᒃᐃᓄᐃᑦᑯᕉᐱᐊᕉᓚᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔨ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐅᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᑯᐅᙱᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ: ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓂ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᓂᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕖᓐᓂ ᐊᑕᐅᑦᓯᑰᖅᑐᓂ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔪᖅ, ᖁᓕᑦ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᓂᒡᓗ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔨᔪᑦ.
ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᓂᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔪᓐᓇᓕᖅᑐᖅ. ᓴᓐᕆᒧᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᔩᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᓐᓄᐊᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕖᑦ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᓅᑦᑎᖅᓯᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ; ᐊᑯᓂ ᓇᓗᓕᖅᓱᓂ ᓇᖏᖅᑐᖅ, ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᒥᓄᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᖕᓄᑦ ᓱᓕᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᑐᖅ. ᑳᕈᓪ ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓂᖓ: ᑭᓪᓕᖅᓯᒪᓂᕋᓛᖏᑦ ᐅᐃᖕᖑᐊᖏᓪᓗ ᐃᖃᐅᒪᔭᖃᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ.
ᓱᒻᒪᑦ ᖁᓕᑦ ᑕᐅᓴᓐ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ
ᓈᒻᒪᒃᑐᒥ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᓯᕉ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒥ 10,000 ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᓐᓂ ᓈᓴᐅᑎ ᐊᑐᓂ 270 ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᓴᖅᑭᖅᑐᖅ, 16 ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ ᐊᑖᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ. ᓈᓴᐅᑎ 319-ᓂ ᑕᑯᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᙵᑦ “ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ ᐊᑖᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ” ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᔪᖅ, ᐃᓗᓕᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᕐᓗ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᑎᑦᓯᒐᔪᙱᑦᑐᖅ. 31 ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᓐᓂ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᖅ, 35, 1-ᒧᑦ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓗ 15% ᑮᓇᐅᔭᒃᓴᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ.
ᒫᓐᓇ 1,000 ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᓗᒋᑦ. ᓈᒻᒪᒃᑐᖅ ᓈᓴᐅᑎ 27 ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᓴᖅᑭᖅᑐᖅ, 5 ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ ᐊᑖᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ, 37-ᓗ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒥᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓗᓕᐅᖅᓯᒪᓛᖑᔪᖅ 37-ᓂᒃ ᐅᓄᕐᓂᖅᓴᓂᒡᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ. ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᖅ ᐆᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᑐᑦᓱᓕᙱᑦᑐᖅᐆᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓈᓴᐅᑎ ᒫᓐᓇᑲᓪᓚᒃ ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᐅᔪᒥᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᕈᓘᔭᕐᓂᖅᓴᐃᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᓯᒪᔪᖅ. ᓈᒻᒪᒃᑐᒥ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᕐᒥ ᓱᓇᒥᒃ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᙱᑦᑐᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᖅ ᓇᓪᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᒥᒡᓗ ᑐᑭᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ. ᑕᖅᑭᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᔪᕐᓂᓕᒻᒥᒃ ᐃᓂᒥᒃ ᐃᓗᓕᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᓂᒥᒃ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑭᐅᔪᖅ. ᑕᑯᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᓗᒍ.
ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ
ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓇᓪᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓇᓪᓕᐊᓂᒃ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᓄᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᓕᐅᕐᒪᖔᑦ, ᖃᔅᓯᓄᑦ, ᖃᔅᓯᓂᒃ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᖃᕐᒪᖔᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓪᓗ ᐊᖏᑎᒋᒻᒪᖔᑦ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᓂᖓ. ᐹᓐᕼᐊᑦ, ᐅᐊᑦᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖓᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᐅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᓂᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐅᔪᖅ, ᓴᓐᕆᒧᒥ ᐊᔪᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᓂᒃ ᐃᓂᑦ ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᐳᐃᒍᐊᕐᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᐊᕕᒃᓯᒪᐅᑎᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ; ᑕᒪᑐᒪ ᑐᙵᕕᖓ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ. ᐱᙳᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᖏᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᑦ ᓇᑭᙶᕐᒪᖔᑕ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᑦ. 1969-ᒥ ᐊᐱᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔪᒐᕐᓂᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ.
ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᕐᒥᒃ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ
ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭ ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᕆᔨᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖅ London ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᕐᒧᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓂᖓᓂᒃ, ᐅᓐᓄᐊᑕᒫᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᐅᑉ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᓘᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᓂᓯᕙᒃᑐᓂ; ᐹᓐᕼᐊᑦ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᕐᒥᒃ Atlas-ᒥᒃ ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑕᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ. 2018-ᒥ ᑐᖁᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᑯᒪᓕᐊᖑᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᓂᖃᓚᐅᙱᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ, ᑕᑯᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅ ᑐᐊᖅ, ᐹᓐᕼᐊᑦᓗ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᕐᒥᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓂᖅ ᓴᒡᓗᐃᑦᑐᐊᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖓᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑳᓯᓄᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᓂᒃ, ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᓕᕆᔨᓂᒃ ᐳᓖᓯᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᓕᒫᓂᓪᓗ ᑕᒡᓚᖅᑐᒥᒃ.
ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᑲᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ. ᕖᕝᕗᐊᓕ 1969-ᒥ ᑐᕆᐋᔅᑦ (Trieste) ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᐊᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᑯᓂᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓂᒃ, ᓈᓴᐃᓂᐅᑉ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᓂᐊᕐᓗᓂ ᑐᐊᖅ, ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᕐᓗ ᐃᓱᒪᙱᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᓂᐊᖅᑐᒥᒡᓗ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᓐᓇᙱᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ. ᒪᐃ 1969-ᒥ ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᐊᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᐱᖅᓱᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᓂᒃ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᓈᓴᐅᑏᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᑐᙵᕕᓕᒻᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᑐᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᖅ ᓴᖑᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᕕᒃᓴᖑᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖅ ᓴᓇᓂᖓᑕ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓐᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓂᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓂᒃ 1/37-ᒥᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᑦᓯᐊᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᑕᐅᓴᓐ ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᒍᑎᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ.ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖓ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᒍ → ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᓐᖏᑦᑐᐊᓘᔪᖅ. ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪ ᓴᓐᕆᒧ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᔪᒪᓇᓐᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᐊᐱᕆᓯᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ: ᐊᔪᒐᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖏᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓗᐊᖅᓯᒪᒻᒪᖔᑕ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᒻᒪᑦ. ᐊᖏᙱᑦᑐᖅ.
ᓴᓐᕆᒧ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅ 1969
ᐃᓅᓯᖓᓂ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓰᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᐸᐅᔪᑦ ᐅᑯᐊ. ᓄᓇᓕᒃ ᑳᓯᓄᒥᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔪᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᑉ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᖅᓯᔪᑦ.
ᑳᓯᓄ ᐅᐊᑦᑕ ᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᖁᓕᓂ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓂᓗ ᑎᑭᑦᑕᐃᓕᖁᔪᖅ. ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᕆᔨᓄᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖓ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᖓᑕ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐅᓄᕐᓗᐊᕐᓂᖏᑦ. ᐅᐊᑦᑕ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᑕᖅᑭᖁᔭᐅᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᕉᓚᑦ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᖏᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᑕᐅᓪᓚᑦᑖᕐᓂᐊᕐᒪᑕ.
ᓄᓇᓕᐅᑉ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᔭᖃᖅᑐᑐᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᒋᔪᑦ ᐃᓯᕐᕕᖃᕈᑎᖓᓂᒡᓗ ᐲᖅᓯᔪᑦ.
ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑏᖏᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᕆᔩᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒧᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦᓯᔨ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᔭᖃᕈᓐᓇᙱᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ. ᑲᑎᒪᔩᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐲᖅᓯᔪᑦ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᖅᓴᐅᑎᒥᓪᓗ ᐃᓯᕐᕕᖃᕈᑎᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᖃᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᖏᖅᑐᑦ.
ᐊᐃᑉᐱᐊᓂ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᓂᖓᑕ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ ᐃᓯᖅᑎᑕᐅᐊᓘᖅᑐᖅ, ᐃᑕᓕ ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᕆᕝᕕᖓᑕ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖓ ᒪᓕᒡᓗᒍ ᐹᓐᕼᐊᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᓯᒪᔭᖓ.
ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒧᑦ ᐅᑎᖅᑐᖅ.
ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔩᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖏᑦ
ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖓ ᐃᖃᐅᒪᔭᐅᓛᖑᔪᖅ: “ᑳᓯᓄᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔩᑦ ᐊᓯᐅᔾᔨᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᐅᒋᙱᑉᐸᑕ, ᓄᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᓂᕿᓂᒃ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᑎᐅᓗᑎᒃ.” ᒪᐃ 1969-ᒥ ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᐊᖅ ᕌᐳᑦ ᓚᐊᑕᕋᒥᒃ (Robert Lardera) ᐅᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᑳᓯᓅᑉ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᖓᑕ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᖓᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ, ᐅᐊᑦᑕ “ᐃᐅᕌᐸᒥ ᑳᓯᓄᑕᒫᓄᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ” ᐅᖃᖅᑐᓂ. ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᒥᒃ ᓗᐃᔨ ᐹᑐᓕᓂᒥᒃ (Luigi Bartolini) ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᑦ, ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭᒥᒃ ᐊᖑᑎᑦᑎᐊᕙᐅᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓴᙱᔪᓂᒡᓗ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᒻᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ. ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭ 1969-ᒥ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑳᓯᓅᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᐃᔨᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᑎᕐᕆᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᖁᔪᑦ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒡᓗ ᐊᓂᖁᔨᔪᖃᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ. ᑳᕈᓪ ᔭᕆᑦᔅᑭ ᑭᖑᓂᐊᓂᓗᐊᖅ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᓗᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᒥᖅᑯᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᐱᓕᕆᔨᓂᒃ ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑦ.
ᖃᔅᓯᓂᒃ ᐊᔪᒐᖅᐸ
ᓈᓴᐅᑏᑦ ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᔪᑐᐊᑦ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑐᑦᓗ.
ᑳᓯᓅᑦ ᐊᓯᑦᑐᖅᓯᔭᖏᑦ
ᓴᓐᕆᒧ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᕕᒥᓂᒃ ᓅᑦᑎᖅᓯᔪᖅ, ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᓯᙱᑦᑐᖅᓗ. 2018-ᒥ ᑐᖁᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᑕᓴᓐᑦ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᔾᔪᐃᓂᖓᓂᒃ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᓗ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᓯᓂᖓᓂᒃ. ᐃᓚᒋᐊᖅᓯᔪᖅ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᐃᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓕᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᔪᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᓇᓂᔭᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᐊᒥᖅᑯᓂᖅᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᐱᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᓂᖓᓗ ᐊᓯᐅᔪᖅᑐᖅ. ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓇᓪᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᑳᓯᓄᒥᒃ ᐅᐊᑦᑕ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᓂᒃ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᑐᑦᓯᕋᐅᑎᓕᐅᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᔅᓴᐅᑎᑦᓯᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᒃᓴᓗᐊᓕᐅᖅᑎᓗ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ.
ᕉᓚᑦ ᑭᖑᓂᖓᓂ
ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒧᑦ ᐅᑎᕐᒪᑦ ᓂᐅᕕᐊᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᒥ ᐊᑭᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᓯᔪᖅ, ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᖓᓂ ᓱᕕᓚᒥᒃ ᑳᓪᑐᒥᓪᓗ, ᕉᓚᑦᒥᓗ ᐳᓛᒃᔮᒃᒥᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓛᔅ ᕖᒐᔅᒥ ᐊᑦᓚᓐᑎᒃ ᓯᑎᒥᓗ (Atlantic City). 1998 ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᒪᓂᓚᒧᑦ ᓅᑦᑐᖅ, ᑳᓯᓅᖏᑦ ᐱᐅᒋᓂᖅᓴᖅᓗᒋᑦ. ᑕᐅᕙᓂ ᔪᓚᐃ 25, 2018-ᒥ ᑐᖁᔪᖅ, 86-ᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓕᒃ. ᓄᓕᐊᖓᑕ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖓᓂ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᓯᕗᓂᐊᓂ ᑎᓯᐱᕆᒥ, ᒪᓂᓚᒥ ᐊᔪᕆᐅᖅᓯᐅᑎᒥ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ.
ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑏᑦ
ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ. 2018-ᒥ ᑐᖁᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ ᐹᓐᕼᐊᑦᓗ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᖓ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᒃ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᖅ ᐃᔨᕈᑎᐅᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᑲᐃᕙᕐᓃᑦ ᐊᒡᒐᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ.
ᓴᓐᕆᒧ ᔮᓐᓄᐊᓕ 1969-ᒥ ᑎᑭᑦᑕᐃᓕᖁᔪᖅ, ᕖᕝᕗᐊᓕᒥ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᒋᔪᖅ ᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐊᒥᖅᑯᓂ ᐃᓯᖅᑎᑦᓯᐊᓘᖅᑐᖅ. ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᖓᓂ ᐃᔨᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᑎᕐᕆᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᖁᔭᐅᔪᖅ.
ᐊᒥᓱᓂ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓂ $1.2 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ. ᓈᓴᐅᑎ ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᐊᓂᑦ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᙱᑦᑐᓂᓪᓗ ᑳᓯᓄᒥ ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᐱᕝᕕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓐᓂᑯᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅᓗ.
ᐃᓪᓗᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐊᖅ
ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᖅ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑦᑎᐊᕙᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᖅ ᑕᖅᑭᕐᒥ ᓈᓴᐃᓂᕐᒥᑦ.
ᐱᕝᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ
- Slotnik, D. E. “Richard Jarecki, Doctor Who Conquered Roulette, Dies at 86.”
- McClain, D. L. “Carol Jarecki, Respected Chess Referee, Dies at 86.”
- Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel.
- Isman, F. “Il professor Richard Jarecki, croce (o delizia?) del Casinò.”
- United Press International. “Casino Conqueror Made to Desist.”
- Associated Press. “Winner Wins Casino Card.”
- Vannozzi, A. Report from Rome on “the gambling professor”.